step2：model + view matrix

CPU-Software-Renderer/CPU-Software-Renderer.vcxproj

@@ -58,16 +58,24 @@
   <ImportGroup Label="Shared">
   </ImportGroup>
   <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
-    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props"
+      Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')"
+      Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
   </ImportGroup>
   <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
-    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props"
+      Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')"
+      Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
   </ImportGroup>
   <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
-    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props"
+      Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')"
+      Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
   </ImportGroup>
   <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
-    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props"
+      Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')"
+      Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
   </ImportGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
   <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
@@ -77,7 +85,8 @@
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
       <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
       <LanguageStandard>stdcpp20</LanguageStandard>
-      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+        $(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
@@ -95,7 +104,8 @@
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
       <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
       <LanguageStandard>stdcpp20</LanguageStandard>
-      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+        $(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
@@ -111,7 +121,8 @@
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
       <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
       <LanguageStandard>stdcpp20</LanguageStandard>
-      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+        $(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
@@ -129,7 +140,8 @@
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
       <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
       <LanguageStandard>stdcpp20</LanguageStandard>
-      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+        $(ProjectDir)Asset;$(ProjectDir)Core;$(ProjectDir)Math;$(ProjectDir)Rasterizer;$(ProjectDir)RenderData;$(ProjectDir)Scene;$(ProjectDir)Shading;$(ProjectDir)libs\SDL2\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
@@ -146,6 +158,7 @@
     <ClCompile Include="main.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="Rasterizer\Rasterizer.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="Rasterizer\TriangleRasterizer.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Scene\Camera.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="Shading\BlinnPhongShader.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
@@ -178,4 +191,4 @@
   <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
   <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
   </ImportGroup>
-</Project>
+</Project>

CPU-Software-Renderer/Math/MathUtil.h

@@ -1,7 +1,96 @@
 #pragma once
+#include "Matrix4x4.h"
+#include "Vector3.h"
+#include <cmath>
 
 namespace Math
 {
-	class MathUtil
+	static class MathUtil
-	{};
+	{
+	public:
+		static Matrix4x4 get_translate_matrix(const float x, const float y, const float z) { return get_translate_matrix(Vector3(x, y, z)); }
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_translate_matrix(const Vector3& translation)
+		{
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				1, 0, 0, translation.x,
+				0, 1, 0, translation.y,
+				0, 0, 1, translation.z,
+				0, 0, 0, 0
+			);
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_scale_matrix(const float x, const float y, const float z) { return get_scale_matrix(Vector3(x, y, z)); }
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_scale_matrix(const Vector3& scale)
+		{
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				scale.x, 0, 0, 0,
+				0, scale.y, 0, 0,
+				0, 0, scale.z, 0,
+				0, 0, 0, 1
+			);
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_rotation_matrix_x(const float radians)
+		{
+			const float cosValue = std::cos(radians);
+			const float sinValue = std::sin(radians);
+
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				1, 0, 0, 0,
+				0, cosValue, -sinValue, 0,
+				0, sinValue, cosValue, 0,
+				0, 0, 0, 1
+			);
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_rotation_matrix_y(const float radians)
+		{
+			const float cosValue = std::cos(radians);
+			const float sinValue = std::sin(radians);
+
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				cosValue, sinValue, 0, 0,
+				0, 1, 0, 0,
+				-sinValue, cosValue, 0, 0,
+				0, 0, 0, 1
+			);
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_rotation_matrix_z(const float radians)
+		{
+			const float cosValue = std::cos(radians);
+			const float sinValue = std::sin(radians);
+
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				cosValue, -sinValue, 0, 0,
+				sinValue, cosValue, 0, 0,
+				0, 0, 1, 0,
+				0, 0, 0, 1
+			);
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_rotation_matrix(const Vector3& rotation)
+		{
+			return get_rotation_matrix_z(rotation.z) * get_rotation_matrix_y(rotation.y) * get_rotation_matrix_x(rotation.x);
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 get_rodrigues_rotation_matrix(const Vector3& axis, const float radians)
+		{
+			const float cosValue = std::cos(radians);
+			const float sinValue = std::sin(radians);
+			const float oneMinusCos = 1.0f - cosValue;
+			const float powX = axis.x * axis.x;
+			const float powY = axis.y * axis.y;
+			const float powZ = axis.z * axis.z;
+
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				1 + 0 + oneMinusCos * (-powZ - powY), 0 + sinValue * (-axis.z) + oneMinusCos * axis.x * axis.y, 0 + sinValue * axis.z + oneMinusCos * axis.x * axis.z, 0,
+				0 + sinValue * axis.z + oneMinusCos * axis.x * axis.y, 1 + 0 + oneMinusCos * (-powZ - powX), 0 + sinValue * (-axis.x) + oneMinusCos * axis.y * axis.z, 0,
+				0 + sinValue * (-axis.y) + oneMinusCos * axis.x * axis.z, 0 + sinValue * axis.x + oneMinusCos * axis.y * axis.z, 1 + 0 + oneMinusCos * (-powY - powX), 0,
+				0, 0, 0, 1
+			);
+		}
+	};
 }

CPU-Software-Renderer/Math/Matrix4x4.h

@@ -1,7 +1,177 @@
 #pragma once
+#include <cmath>
+#include "Vector3.h"
+#include "Vector4.h"
 
 namespace Math
 {
 	class Matrix4x4
-	{};
+	{
-}
+	public:
+		// 约定：
+		// - 图形转换使用列向量语义
+		// - 图形变换按列向量语义做，写法是 M * v
+		// - 元素访问是 matrix[row][col]
+		// - data() 暴露的是 row-major 连续内存
+		// - 平移放在最后一列
+		Matrix4x4()
+		{
+			*this = Identity();
+		}
+
+		Matrix4x4(
+			float m00, float m01, float m02, float m03,
+			float m10, float m11, float m12, float m13,
+			float m20, float m21, float m22, float m23,
+			float m30, float m31, float m32, float m33)
+		{
+			values[0][0] = m00; values[0][1] = m01; values[0][2] = m02; values[0][3] = m03;
+			values[1][0] = m10; values[1][1] = m11; values[1][2] = m12; values[1][3] = m13;
+			values[2][0] = m20; values[2][1] = m21; values[2][2] = m22; values[2][3] = m23;
+			values[3][0] = m30; values[3][1] = m31; values[3][2] = m32; values[3][3] = m33;
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 Zero()
+		{
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+				0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+				0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+				0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f
+			);
+		}
+
+		static Matrix4x4 Identity()
+		{
+			return Matrix4x4(
+				1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+				0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+				0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
+				0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
+			);
+		}
+
+		float* operator[](size_t row)
+		{
+			return values[row];
+		}
+
+		const float* operator[](size_t row) const
+		{
+			return values[row];
+		}
+
+		float* data()
+		{
+			return &values[0][0];
+		}
+
+		const float* data() const
+		{
+			return &values[0][0];
+		}
+
+		Matrix4x4 operator+ (const Matrix4x4& other) const
+		{
+			Matrix4x4 result = Zero();
+			for (size_t row = 0; row < 4; ++row)
+			{
+				for (size_t col = 0; col < 4; ++col)
+				{
+					result[row][col] = values[row][col] + other[row][col];
+				}
+			}
+
+			return result;
+		}
+
+		Matrix4x4 operator- (const Matrix4x4& other) const
+		{
+			Matrix4x4 result = Zero();
+			for (size_t row = 0; row < 4; ++row)
+			{
+				for (size_t col = 0; col < 4; ++col)
+				{
+					result[row][col] = values[row][col] - other[row][col];
+				}
+			}
+
+			return result;
+		}
+
+		Matrix4x4 operator* (float scalar) const
+		{
+			Matrix4x4 result = Zero();
+			for (size_t row = 0; row < 4; ++row)
+			{
+				for (size_t col = 0; col < 4; ++col)
+				{
+					result[row][col] = values[row][col] * scalar;
+				}
+			}
+
+			return result;
+		}
+
+		// 结果为 this x other（调用方 乘以 参数）。
+		Matrix4x4 operator* (const Matrix4x4& other) const
+		{
+			Matrix4x4 result = Zero();
+			for (size_t row = 0; row < 4; ++row)
+			{
+				for (size_t col = 0; col < 4; ++col)
+				{
+					for (size_t k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
+					{
+						result[row][col] += values[row][k] * other[k][col];
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			return result;
+		}
+
+		// 结果为 this x other（调用方 乘以 参数）。
+		Vector4 operator* (const Vector4& vector) const
+		{
+			return Vector4(
+				values[0][0] * vector.x + values[0][1] * vector.y + values[0][2] * vector.z + values[0][3] * vector.w,
+				values[1][0] * vector.x + values[1][1] * vector.y + values[1][2] * vector.z + values[1][3] * vector.w,
+				values[2][0] * vector.x + values[2][1] * vector.y + values[2][2] * vector.z + values[2][3] * vector.w,
+				values[3][0] * vector.x + values[3][1] * vector.y + values[3][2] * vector.z + values[3][3] * vector.w
+			);
+		}
+
+		Vector4 TransformPoint(const Vector3& point) const
+		{
+			return *this * Vector4::Point(point);
+		}
+
+		Vector4 TransformDirection(const Vector3& direction) const
+		{
+			return *this * Vector4::Direction(direction);
+		}
+
+		Matrix4x4 Transposed() const
+		{
+			Matrix4x4 result = Zero();
+			for (size_t row = 0; row < 4; ++row)
+			{
+				for (size_t col = 0; col < 4; ++col)
+				{
+					result[row][col] = values[col][row];
+				}
+			}
+
+			return result;
+		}
+
+	private:
+		float values[4][4] = {};
+	};
+
+	inline Matrix4x4 operator* (float scalar, const Matrix4x4& matrix)
+	{
+		return matrix * scalar;
+	}
+}

CPU-Software-Renderer/Math/Vector3.h

@@ -12,9 +12,74 @@ namespace Math
 		Vector3() : x(0), y(0), z(0) {}
 		Vector3(float x, float y, float z) : x(x), y(y), z(z) {}
 
+		float sqrMagnitude() const
+		{
+			return x * x + y * y + z * z;
+		}
+
 		float magnitude() const
 		{
-			return std::sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);
+			return std::sqrt(sqrMagnitude());
+		}
+
+		Vector3 normalized() const
+		{
+			const float length = magnitude();
+			if (length <= 0.0f)
+			{
+				return Vector3();
+			}
+
+			return *this / length;
+		}
+
+		float dot(const Vector3& other) const
+		{
+			return x * other.x + y * other.y + z * other.z;
+		}
+
+		// Returns this x other.
+		// Order matters:
+		// - a.cross(b) == -(b.cross(a))
+		// - the result follows the right-hand rule
+		// - cross product is not associative
+		Vector3 cross(const Vector3& other) const
+		{
+			return Vector3(
+				y * other.z - z * other.y,
+				z * other.x - x * other.z,
+				x * other.y - y * other.x
+			);
+		}
+
+		Vector3 operator+ (const Vector3& other) const
+		{
+			return Vector3(x + other.x, y + other.y, z + other.z);
+		}
+
+		Vector3 operator- (const Vector3& other) const
+		{
+			return Vector3(x - other.x, y - other.y, z - other.z);
+		}
+
+		Vector3 operator- () const
+		{
+			return Vector3(-x, -y, -z);
+		}
+
+		Vector3 operator* (float scalar) const
+		{
+			return Vector3(x * scalar, y * scalar, z * scalar);
+		}
+
+		Vector3 operator/ (float scalar) const
+		{
+			return Vector3(x / scalar, y / scalar, z / scalar);
 		}
 	};
-}
+
+	inline Vector3 operator* (float scalar, const Vector3& vector)
+	{
+		return vector * scalar;
+	}
+}

CPU-Software-Renderer/Math/Vector4.h

@@ -1,7 +1,83 @@
 #pragma once
+#include <cmath>
+#include "Vector3.h"
 
 namespace Math
 {
-	class Vector4
+	struct Vector4
-	{};
+	{
-}
+		float x = 0.0f;
+		float y = 0.0f;
+		float z = 0.0f;
+		float w = 0.0f;
+
+		Vector4() : x(0), y(0), z(0), w(0) {}
+		Vector4(float x, float y, float z, float w) : x(x), y(y), z(z), w(w) {}
+
+		static Vector4 Point(const Vector3& point)
+		{
+			return Vector4(point.x, point.y, point.z, 1.0f);
+		}
+
+		static Vector4 Direction(const Vector3& direction)
+		{
+			return Vector4(direction.x, direction.y, direction.z, 0.0f);
+		}
+
+		Vector3 to_vector3() const
+		{
+			return Vector3(x, y, z);
+		}
+
+		float sqrMagnitude() const
+		{
+			return x * x + y * y + z * z + w * w;
+		}
+
+		float magnitude() const
+		{
+			return std::sqrt(sqrMagnitude());
+		}
+
+		Vector4 normalized() const
+		{
+			const float length = magnitude();
+			if (length <= 0.0f)
+			{
+				return Vector4();
+			}
+
+			return *this / length;
+		}
+
+		float dot(const Vector4& other) const
+		{
+			return x * other.x + y * other.y + z * other.z + w * other.w;
+		}
+
+		Vector4 operator+ (const Vector4& other) const
+		{
+			return Vector4(x + other.x, y + other.y, z + other.z, w + other.w);
+		}
+
+		Vector4 operator- (const Vector4& other) const
+		{
+			return Vector4(x - other.x, y - other.y, z - other.z, w - other.w);
+		}
+
+		Vector4 operator* (float scalar) const
+		{
+			return Vector4(x * scalar, y * scalar, z * scalar, w * scalar);
+		}
+
+		Vector4 operator/ (float scalar) const
+		{
+			return Vector4(x / scalar, y / scalar, z / scalar, w / scalar);
+		}
+	};
+
+	inline Vector4 operator* (float scalar, const Vector4& vector)
+	{
+		return vector * scalar;
+	}
+}

CPU-Software-Renderer/Scene/Camera.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Matrix4x4.h"
+#include "Camera.h"
+#include <Vector3.h>
+
+namespace Scene
+{
+	Math::Matrix4x4 Camera::get_view_matrix() const
+	{
+		using namespace Math;
+
+		Vector3 forward = (target - position).normalized();
+		Vector3 right = forward.cross(up).normalized();
+		if (right.magnitude() < 1e-5) right = forward.cross(Vector3(0, 1, 0));
+		Vector3 cameraUp = right.cross(forward);
+
+		return Matrix4x4(
+			right.x, right.y, right.z, -right.dot(position),
+			cameraUp.x, cameraUp.y, cameraUp.z, -cameraUp.dot(position),
+			-forward.x, -forward.y, -forward.z, forward.dot(position),
+			0, 0, 0, 1
+		);
+	}
+
+	Math::Matrix4x4 Camera::get_projection_matrix(float aspectRatio) const
+	{
+		using namespace Math;
+
+		return Matrix4x4(
+
+		);
+	}
+}

CPU-Software-Renderer/Scene/Camera.h

@@ -1,7 +1,43 @@
 #pragma once
+#include "Vector3.h"
+#include "Matrix4x4.h"
 
 namespace Scene
 {
 	class Camera
-	{};
+	{
-}
+	private:
+		Math::Vector3 position = Math::Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
+		Math::Vector3 target = Math::Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
+		Math::Vector3 up = Math::Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
+
+		float verticalFovRadians = 1.0471975512f;
+		float nearPlane = 0.1f;
+		float farPlane = 100.0f;
+
+	public:
+		Camera() = default;
+
+		Math::Vector3 get_position() const { return position; }
+		void set_position(const Math::Vector3& pos) { position = pos; }
+
+		Math::Vector3 get_target() const { return target; }
+		void set_target(const Math::Vector3& t) { target = t; }
+
+		Math::Vector3 get_up() const { return up; }
+		void set_up(const Math::Vector3& u) { up = u; }
+
+		float get_vertical_fov_radians() const { return verticalFovRadians; }
+		void set_vertical_fov_radians(float fov) { verticalFovRadians = fov; }
+
+		float get_near_plane() const { return nearPlane; }
+		void set_near_plane(float nearP) { nearPlane = nearP; }
+
+		float get_far_plane() const { return farPlane; }
+		void set_far_plane(float farP) { farPlane = farP; }
+
+		Math::Matrix4x4 get_view_matrix() const;
+
+		Math::Matrix4x4 get_projection_matrix(float aspectRatio) const;
+	};
+}